The Citroën 2CV, better known as the "Goat or Duck", is an icon in the automotive world. What started as a simple and robust vehicle for the French countryside, grew into a beloved classic car with a loyal fan base. In this blog, we delve into the history of this special car, from the first prototypes to the definitive end of production.
1939: The Untold Beginning
The 2CV should have been on the market in 1939. Under the leadership of Pierre-Jules Boulanger, the prototype TPV (Toute Petite Véhicule) was developed, intended as an affordable and practical vehicle for farmers. The assignment? A car that could transport four people, 50 kg of potatoes and a carton of eggs over bumpy roads, without the eggs breaking. Unfortunately, the Second World War threw a spanner in the works and the first examples were hidden or destroyed to keep them out of the hands of the German occupiers.
1948: The official launch
On 7 October 1948, the time had finally come: the Citroën 2CV was unveiled at the Paris Motor Show . The model had been significantly modified compared to the original TPV prototype. The water-cooled engine was exchanged for an air-cooled two-cylinder four-stroke engine of 375 cc with 9 hp. The sober but well-thought-out design was an immediate success, and the waiting lists grew quickly.
1954: More power and new models
In September 1954 Citroën introduced the AZ, with a more powerful 12 hp engine of 425 cc. In addition, the AZL with a semi-automatic clutch and the AZC, a rare van version with a continuous loading floor, appeared. These were the first steps towards a broader 2CV range.
1959: The off-road Sahara
One of the most special 2CV models was the Citroën 2CV Sahara , launched in 1959. This model had two engines (front and rear), which gave it four-wheel drive and the ability to handle extreme terrain. Due to the low production numbers, an original Sahara is now a valuable collector's item.
1963-1965: Luxury and technological improvements
In 1963, the AZAM appeared, a more luxurious version with extra chrome details and a more powerful 18 hp engine. Two years later, in 1965, important changes were made, such as hinges on the front of the doors (which made the iconic "suicide door" disappear), better shock absorbers and wider bumpers with rubber trim. Production reached a record high in 1966 with 168,384 units.
1970-1975: New models and the 2CV Spécial
From 1970, the 2CV range consisted of the 2CV4 (435 cc) and the 2CV6 (602 cc). In 1975, Citroën introduced a budget version: the 2CV Spécial. This model was minimalist, without a third side window or even an ashtray. The first Spécial was only available in lemon yellow, but later more colours were added.
1979-1988: Special editions and the farewell to France
The 1980s saw the arrival of iconic special editions such as the Charleston, Transat and Dolly. The Charleston, with its red and black colour scheme, became the most popular. In 1988, production in France ceased, and it was moved to Portugal. However, demand for the 2CV remained strong.
1990: The Final End... or Not?
In 1990, the Portuguese factory in Mangualde also closed its doors for the 2CV. This officially meant the end of production, but the popularity of the 2CV as a classic car only increased. Today, there are still thousands of enthusiasts who cherish and restore their Goat or Duck, ensuring that this iconic vehicle will be seen on the roads for a long time to come.
The Citroën 2CV remains a timeless symbol of simplicity, durability and fun. Do you have a 2CV story to share? Let us know in the comments!